The following are the major diseases or complications that may be contributed to by acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL):
Blood, blood-forming organs – Immune system (D50-D90).
- Anemia (anemia)
- Bleeding
- Thrombocytopenia – reduction of platelets in the blood.
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Cardiomyopathy (heart muscle disease).
- Thrombosis (occlusion of a vein by a blood clot), venous and/or arterial – during induction chemotherapy.
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Infections of all kinds
- Sepsis (blood poisoning)
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48)
- Recurrence – recurrence of the disease.
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)
- Peripheral neuropathies (PN) – disease of the nerves which carry information between the central nervous system and the muscles (symptoms: tingling sensation, pain but also paralysis) (long-term side effects of tumor therapy).
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – sex organs) (N00-N99).
- Renal insufficiency/Uremia – renal weakness or failure/occurrence of urinary substances in the blood above normal values.
Prognostic factors
- The group of underweight children (baseline weight according to BMI category) had a significantly higher proportion of recurrences (31% versus 18%).
- The group of patients who lost weight during therapy were significantly more likely to die after developing a recurrence than the comparison collective of children with recurrence whose BMI had increased or not decreased during therapy (88% versus 58%).
