Secondary prevention of anaphylaxis
- Epinephrine auto-injector (AAI; epinephrine prefilled syringe); active ingredient: epinephrine hydrochloride (0.36 mg per 0.3 milliliter) = epinephrine (0.3 mg per 0.3 milliliter), i.m. (intramuscular, i.e., into the muscle; outer thigh; faster onset of action: injection into deltoid muscle/deltamus muscle, strong muscle of the shoulder joint)Epinephrine doses depending on body weight as well as clinical condition and taking into account individual risk factors:
- 15-30 kg body weight (bw): 0.15 mg epinephrine.
- > 30-60 kg bw: 0.3 mg
- > 60 kg bw: 0.3-0.6 mg
The ERC guideline and the UK Resuscitation Council anaphylaxis guideline recommend the following intramuscular epinephrine doses:
- <6 months 0.15 mg epinephrine i. m.
- > 6 months to 6 years 0.15 mg i. m.
- > 6-12 years 0.3 mg i. m.
- > 12 years and adults 0.5 mg i. m.
Other notes
- Intramuscular epinephrine injection is preferable to intravenous injection.
- With i.m. Injection into the
- Vastus lateralis muscle (thigh): needle length: ≥ 20 mm.
- Deltoid muscle:
- Men needle length: 25 mm
- Women
- Women up to 60 kg KG: needle length: 16 mm
- Women 60-90 kg KG: Needle length: 25 mm
- The most common trigger for anaphylaxis (shock resulting from a severe allergic reaction) is food allergy.
- For a recurrence of anaphylactic episode, the probability was particularly high in asthmatics (hazard ratio, HR 1.94) if epinephrine was administered in the care of the first anaphylaxis (HR 2.22) and if the trigger was a food (HR 11.44).
Secondary prevention of anaphylaxis
- Epinephrine auto-injector (AAI; epinephrine prefilled syringe); active ingredient: epinephrine hydrochloride (0.36 mg per 0.3 milliliter) = epinephrine (0.3 mg per 0.3 milliliter), i.m. (intramuscular, i.e., into the muscle; outer thigh).
- Adrenaline doses depending on body weight as well as clinical condition and taking into account individual risk factors:
- 15-30 kg body weight (bw): 0.15 mg epinephrine.
- 30-60 kg bw: 0.3 mg
- > 60 kg bw: 0.3-0.6 mg
Other notes
- The most common trigger for anaphylaxis (shock resulting from a severe allergic reaction) is food allergy.
- For a recurrence of anaphylactic episode, the probability was particularly high in asthmatics (hazard ratio, HR 1.94) if epinephrine was administered in the care of the first anaphylaxis (HR 2.22) and if the trigger was a food (HR 11.44).
