Effects
Antihistamine nasal sprays have antihistamine and antiallergic properties. They are antagonists of histamine at the H1 receptor, reversing histamine effects and thus relieving symptoms such as sneezing, itching, and runny nose. Azelastine is also mast cell stabilizing, which is considered a therapeutic advantage. Glucocorticoid nasal sprays are more effective than antihistamine nasal sprays, but their onset of action is delayed.
Indications
Antihistamine nasal sprays are used to treat seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis. Without a doctor’s prescription, they may be used only for hay fever.
Dosage
According to the package insert. The usual dosage is 1 spray (azelastine) to 2 sprays (levocabastine) per nostril twice daily. The nose should be blown before use. Because levocabastine is in suspension, the vial must be shaken before each use. Squeeze the free nostril, activate the spray head and inhale through the nose at the same time. The duration of treatment is limited to 2 weeks in self-medication. Under medical supervision, the drugs can be used for up to 2 months. See also under Administering nasal sprays.
Substances
- Azelastine (Allergodil seasonal, Allergodil).
- Levocabastine (Livostin)
This article refers to pure antihistamine nasal sprays. Combined agents with such as Vibrocil (dimetindenmaleate + phenylephrine) are not discussed.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Severe renal insufficiency (levocabastine).
- Children, adolescents, pregnancy, lactation: see SmPC.
In isolated cases, complaints such as fatigue and exhaustion occur despite local application. In this case, do not drive a vehicle or operate a machine.
Interactions
No interactions have been reported to date. If drowsiness occurs, it may be exacerbated by alcohol and centrally acting drugs.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include hypersensitivity, bitter taste in the mouth (azelastine), dizziness, nasal discomfort and irritation, lassitude, and weakness.
