Symptoms
Appendicitis manifests as pain in the lower abdomen, which often begins in the area of the belly button, worsens, and moves to the lower right side of the abdomen within 24 hours. The pain increases with movement and with coughing. Possible accompanying symptoms include digestive disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, lack of appetite, bloating, constipation, and a low-grade fever.
Causes
So-called “appendicitis” is an inflammation of the appendix vermiformis, a finger-shaped protrusion of the large intestine (caecum) located in the right lower abdomen. The term appendicitis is therefore incorrect; instead, the term appendicitis or appendicitis should be used. Underlying the condition is often obstruction, which leads to bacterial infection and the inflammation.
Complications
The inflamed appendix may rupture (tear) and the infection may spread to the abdomen. Other possible complications include abscess formation and postoperative wound infection.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made by medical treatment based on the patient’s history, physical examination, laboratory methods, and imaging techniques. Numerous other causes of abdominal pain must be ruled out.
Treatment
Treatment is performed in the hospital using surgical removal of the appendix (appendectomy). Both open surgery and laparoscopic surgery are available. The treatment should be performed early to avoid complications. A possible conservative alternative is the use of antibiotics. Various analgesics are available to treat pain.
