The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by basal cell carcinoma (BCC; basal cell carcinoma):
Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99).
- Destructive growth into adjacent structures (e.g., cartilage and bone tissue; vessels, CNS)
- Ulceration (ulceration) in the area of basal cell carcinoma.
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48)
- Metastasis is virtually absent (< 1: 1,000).
- Squamous cell carcinoma (PEK) of the skin as a secondary tumor after basal cell carcinoma.
- Tumors of other entity: nonmelanocytic skin cancers (NMSC) were associated with an 80% higher risk (compared with the control group) of developing a non-skin cancer within an 8-year observation period in one study:
- Malignant bone tumors: 12-fold risk.
- Malignancies of the nasal cavity and larynx (HR 10.28), oral cavity and pharynx (HR 10.21).
- Anus and anal canal (HR 8.14).
- Cervical, thoracic, esophageal, and breast carcinoma; non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, thyroid carcinoma, bronchial, and gastric carcinoma.
Overall cancer risk was nearly three times higher in younger NMSC patients than in the age-matched control group.
- Individuals with >6 basal cell carcinomas have a good 3-fold higher risk of developing another malignant tumor (e.g., melanomas, colon carcinomas, and hematologic neoplasms); likely due to a high prevalence of inherited pathogenic mutations in DNA repair genes
Prognostic factors
- Recurrence frequency (frequency of recurrence) increased in BZK in the face, esp. in the nose, eyelids, and ears more frequently than in other regions
- Risk-increasing are an increased maximum tumor diameter, previous recurrences, radiotherapy (radiation therapy) in the past, possibly.the histological subtype and present immunosuppression; patients under immunosuppression also have an increased risk for the development of second tumors.
