The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; benign prostatic enlargement):
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract-genital organs) (N00-N99).
- Benign prostatic obstruction (BPO; bladder outlet obstruction, BOO bladder outlet obstruction; increase in bladder outlet resistance).
- Urge incontinence (synonym: urge incontinence) – bladder storage disorder: bladder sphincter is intact, but the bladder muscle reacts too sensitively.
- Ureteral ectasia (ureteral dilation).
- Urinary retention
- Urinary tract infections (UTI)
- Hydronephrosis (“water bag kidney“) with restriction of renal function.
- Overactive bladder (overactive bladder [OAB]).
- Changes in the structure of the bladder
- Renal pelvic ectasia (renal pelvic dilatation).
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99).
- Imperative urination (urge to urinate that cannot be suppressed or controlled) with/without urge incontinence (involuntary leakage of urine when urged to do so)
- Ischuria (urinary retention; inability to urinate despite urge to urinate).
- Nocturia – nocturnal urination
- Pollakisuria – urge to urinate frequently without increased urination.
- Other micturition disorders: split urine stream, weak urine stream, delayed micturition (urination).
Prognostic factors
- Inflammatory markers (CD45, CD4, CD8, and CD68 in tissue samples)-CD4 was associated (linked) with the highest risk for progression (progression) of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Men who required treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) at baseline were at higher risk for disease progression.
