The diagnosis of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is made on the basis of the clinical picture and the results of medical device diagnostics.2nd-order laboratory parameters-depending on the results of the history, physical examination, and medical device diagnostics-are used for differential diagnostic clarification
- PSA (prostate specific antigen) Caution. There are PSA-negative prostate carcinomas.
- Urine status (rapid test for: pH, leukocytes, nitrite, protein, blood), sediment, if necessary urine culture (pathogen detection and resistogram, that is, testing suitable antibiotics for sensitivity / resistance).
- Renal parameters – urea, creatinine, if necessary cystatin C or creatinine clearance.
- Prostate biopsy – tissue sample from the prostate gland.
PSA levels and screening intervals [S2e guideline].
- Screening examination to exclude prostate cancer: annually from the age of 40.
- In case of low PSA (< 2 ng/ml) and non-suspicious digital-rectal examination (DRU).
- < 1 ng/ml every 4 years
- 1-2 ng/ml every 2 years
- Men > 70 years and PSA level < 1 ng/ml: no further PSA-based screening recommended.