Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of hematuria (blood in the urine).
Family history
- Is there a family history of kidney or urinary tract disease?
Social history
- What is your profession?
- Are you exposed to harmful working substances in your profession?
Current medical history/systemic medical history (somatic and psychological complaints).
- When did you first notice blood in your urine?
- Have you had blood in your urine continuously since then?
- Have you noticed any other symptoms besides blood in your urine, such as pain when urinating or frequent urination?
- Have you recently had or do you currently have an infection?
Vegetative anamnesis including nutritional anamnesis.
- Have you eaten a lot of blueberries or beet in the last few days?
- Has your appetite changed?
- Have you lost body weight unintentionally?
- Do you engage in intense exercise (e.g., intense jogging or intense marches)?
- Do you smoke? If so, how many cigarettes, cigars or pipes per day?
- Do you use drugs? If yes, what drugs and how often per day or per week?
Self history incl. medication history.
- Previous diseases – diseases of the urinary tract (eg, urinary tract infections); microhematuria in the past.
- Surgeries – urinary tract procedures?
- Allergies
- Cycle history (When was the last period (LR)?)
- Pregnancy
- Environmental history (poisoning with lead, carbolic acid, various fungi).
Drug history due tohematuria
- Antibiotics
- Penicillins
- Sulfonamides
- Anticoagulants – drugs used to thin the blood such as heparin, phenprocoumon, warfarin (Coumadin).
- Aspirin-type drugs
- Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Other discolorations of the urine
- Taking various medications – such as especially rifampicin (antibiotic) or in chronic lead poisoning.
- Discoloration of urine by various foods – such as blueberries or beet.
