Application of capsaicin initially results in redness, sensations of warmth, and burning pain, followed by a long-lasting insensitivity.
How cayenne pepper works
The initial effect is due to the excitation of so-called nociceptors, which are receptors in the skin that respond to heat and pain stimuli. In addition to the increased sensation of pain, there is increased blood flow (hence the redness) at the site of application.
Subsequently, anti-inflammatory effects occur and there is a reduction in the sensation of pain, which usually lasts longer. Repeated administration of capsaicin results in attenuation of the effect due to desensitization of the receptors.
Cayenne pepper: side effects
In rare cases, hypersensitivity reactions such as skin rash (urticarial exanthema) may occur. In isolated cases, burning, stinging, and redness of the skin at the application site due to inflammation have been reported.
Interactions with other agents are not currently known.
