The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by intracerebral hemorrhage:
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Intrusion of cerebral hemorrhage into the ventricular system (cavity system in the brain) (intraventricular hemorrhage (IVB)).
- Occurs in up to 40% of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
- Symptoms: cephalgia (headache), vomiting (vomiting), vigilance reduction (reduction in alertness).
- As a result, the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid (cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), colloquially “neural fluid”) may be impeded → development of occlusive hydrocephalus (pathological / pathological expansion of the liquid-filled fluid spaces (cerebral ventricles) of the brain); furthermore, it may come to arachnoiditis (infection of the arachnoid (soft meninges or middle meninges; “spider skin“)).
- Hematoma progression (progression of hemorrhage; synonyms: hematoma growth; hematoma expansion).
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
- Post-bleeding (usually within the first 24 hours).
- Peri-hemorrhagic (perifocal) edema (synonym: environmental edema).
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)
- Epileptic seizures (convulsions) – affect approximately 10% of patients with ICB; risk is highest in the first 24 hours after cerebral hemorrhage
- Occlusive hydrocephalus (hydrocephalus occlusus) – pathological/diseased dilatation of the fluid-filled fluid spaces (cerebral ventricles) of the brain.
Prognostic factors
- Size of hemorrhage and localization play a crucial role.
- Other prognostic parameters include patient age, neurologic status, and hematoma progression (progression of hemorrhage; synonyms: hematoma growth; hematoma expansion). If the hemorrhage breaks into the ventricular system (cavity system in the brain) (intraventricular hemorrhage (IVB)), which is considered an independent risk factor, there may be disturbances in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) – the prognosis is then unfavorable.
