Products
Chlortalidone is commercially available in tablet form (combination products). It has been approved in many countries since 1967. This article refers to the monopreparations. Hygroton (Novartis) was discontinued in many countries in 2014.
Structure and properties
Chlortalidone (C14H11ClN2O4S, Mr = 338.77 g/mol) is a racemate. It exists as a white to yellowish white powder that is practically insoluble in water.
Effects
Chlortalidone (ATC C03BA04) has diuretic properties. It inhibits reabsorption of sodium chloride at the distal tubule and results in increased renal excretion of sodium, potassium, protons, and water. Chlortalidone may cause an increase in uric acid, blood lipids, and glucose in the blood.
Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart failure
- Edema
Dosage
According to the professional information. The tablets are usually taken in the morning with breakfast.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity, including to sulfonamides and sulfonylureas.
- Anuria
- Severe renal or hepatic insufficiency
- Hypokalemia
- Hyponatremia
- Hypercalcemia
- Acute hyperuricemia
- Pregnancy
Full details of precautions and interactions can be found in the drug label.
Adverse effects
The most common potential adverse effects include hypokalemia due to increased potassium excretion and hyperuricemia. Other common adverse effects include loss of appetite, indigestion, hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia, hyperglycemia, increase in blood lipids, impotence, skin rashes, dizziness, and low blood pressure.
