Pathogenesis (disease development)
CML a clonal myeloproliferative disorder characterized by translocation of the long arms of chromosomes 9 and 22, t(9;22)(q34;q11):
In chronic myeloid leukemia, malignant degeneration of a pluripotent stem cell of the bone marrow occurs. Initial chromosomal damage occurs with translocation t(9;22), Philadelphia chromosome (obsolete Ph1; 95% of cases), or the bcr-abl fusion gene. The bcr-abl fusion gene encodes a dysregulated, permanently activated tyrosine kinase. This promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis (programmed cell death).
Over the years, further chromosomal alterations result in a predominance of damaged cells with increasing suppression of normal hematopoiesis (blood formation).
Etiology (Causes)
Behavioral causes
- Pleasure food consumption
- Overweight (BMI ≥ 25; obesity).
Environmental pollution – intoxications (poisonings).
- Ionizing radiation and benzene are thought to play a role in etiology
More precise etiologic factors are unknown.
