Complications
Every operation has its risks, this is inevitably the case with all surgical procedures. As soon as the skin cover is opened up, there is an opportunity for pathogens to attack the skin, which then settle in the tissue and multiply under perfect conditions. The result is inflammation, which is always associated with swelling, redness, pain and loss of function.
One tries to keep the pathogen load at zero by sterile surgical conditions, but infections can always occur. Possible surgical injuries during hydrocele surgery include injury to the testes, epididymis, and spermatic duct, which is why preoperative sperm freezing is often recommended in cases where there is a desire to have children. Potentially, however, the body can compensate for the loss of an (epididymis) via the opposite side, so infertility does not automatically occur.
Usually, haematomas, i.e. bruises, also occur during surgery on the hydrocele, but these disappear within a few days. However, these can be painful at first and cause swelling.
