Commotio cerebri (synonyms: commotio; mild traumatic brain injury; ICD-10-GM S06.0: concussion) is a cerebral concussion (GE). This refers to a completely reversible functional disorder of the brain that can occur in the context of a traumatic brain injury (craniocerebral injury). However, damage to the brain structures is not detectable.
The following forms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be distinguished:
Covered forms:
- Commotio cerebri (concussion).
- Contusio cerebri (cerebral contusion)
- Compressio cerebri (brain contusion)
Open forms:
- Penetrating (penetrating) skull injuries.
- Craniocerebral injuries
Furthermore, traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be classified according to severity:
- Grade 1 (mild TBI) – Commotio cerebri (ICD-10-GM S06.0: concussion); here there is no permanent damage.
- Grade 2 (moderate TBI) – Contusio cerebri (ICD-10-GM S06.3-: Circumscribed brain injury); open or closed damage to the brain substance is present
- Grade 3 (severe TBI) – Compressio cerebri (ICD-10-GM S06.2-: Diffuse brain injury); there is damage to the brain due to increased intracranial pressure (= internal pressure) or due to external pressure (= trauma)
* See under the topic “Physical examination” The following is a description of the Commotio cerebri.
Concussion is one of the common head injuries.
Sex ratio: mild traumatic brain injury affects boys more often than girls.
The incidence (frequency of new cases) for mild traumatic brain injury is approximately 200-250 cases per 100,000 population per year (in Germany).
Course and prognosis: In most cases, an uncomplicated concussion remains without consequences. However, it is a prerequisite that the affected person takes it easy (bed rest is required for the first few days).
In 97% of cases, there is a complete recovery within one month. Complete recovery from clinical symptoms typically occurs within 3 to 12 months at the latest.Longer-lasting symptoms include headache, dizziness, visual disturbances, difficulty concentrating, and fatigue. Usually, the affected person is able to return to work or school after one to two weeks.
