Products
In many countries, the Implanon contraceptive implant with the active ingredient etonogestrel is on the market. It is 4 cm long, 2 mm in diameter, and has been approved since 1999.
Structure and properties
Etonogestrel (3-keto-desogestrel, C22H28O2, Mr = 324.5 g/mol) is the biologically active metabolite of desogestrel (Cerazette), a progestin derived from 19-nortestosterone.
Effects
Etonogestrel (ATC G03AC08) is contraceptive. Its effects are primarily due to inhibition of ovulation. Other mechanisms play a minor role.
Indications
For hormonal contraception.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The rod is implanted by the doctor subcutaneously under the skin in the non-dominant upper arm and remains there for several months up to a maximum of three years. It continuously releases the active ingredient into the bloodstream.
Contraindications
Numerous precautions must be observed when using hormonal contraceptives. They can be found in the drug information leaflet.
Interactions
Etonogestrel is biotransformed by CYP3A4. Corresponding drug-drug interactions with CYP inducers and inhibitors are possible. Enzyme inducers promote degradation, reduce protection, and may lead to unintended pregnancy.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include acne, weight gain, headache, breast tenderness, breast pain, irregular bleeding, and vaginitis.
