Definition
The coronary arteries, also called coronary arteries, are vessels that supply the heart with blood. They run in a ring around the heart and were named after their arrangement.
Anatomy
The coronary vessels rise above the aorta, called the aorta, about 1-2 cm above the aortic valve. In total, two branches emerge from it, the left and right coronary artery, which in turn are divided into several branches. There are different types of supply, but mostly the right coronary artery, arteria coronaria dextra, supplies the back wall of the heart and the dividing wall in the middle of the heart.
The arteria coronaria sinistra, on the other hand, supplies the anterior wall, the front part of the partition wall and the outer side of the left chamber. Since the left coronary vessel divides again after about one centimeter, medical science often refers to three coronary arteries. The branches are called ramus circumflexus and ramus interventricularis anterior.
Names in Latin
The coronary arteries are two main trunks from which other small arteries emerge that supply the heart with blood. The names of these two arteries in Latin are Arteria coronaria sinistra, the left, and Arteria coronaria dextra, the right coronary artery. The names of the vessels branching off from the left coronary artery are in Latin the ramus interventricularis anterior, abbreviated RIVA, and the ramus circumflexus, abbreviated RCX.
From the right coronary artery emerge the posterior interventricular ramus, abbreviated RIP, and the marginal ramus dexter, also called RMD. The venous coronary vessels lead the blood into the so-called coronary sinus. The names of the preceding vessels in Latin are, in descending order, vena cardiaca magna, vena cardiaca media and vena cardiaca parva.
Supply Types
The ramus circumflexus pulls backwards and supplies the left ventricle, while the ramus interventricularis, as the name suggests, runs between the left and right ventricle to the apex of the heart, supplying blood to the dividing wall and the front part of the heart. The right coronary artery also divides, but it only has smaller branches. The main branch, ramus interventricularis posterior, pulls backwards and supplies the posterior wall, the sinus and AV node, the right ventricle, as well as the right atrium plus some left ventricular parts.
As already mentioned above, there are different types of supply. The right type, the left type and the “normal case”, which is pronounced at about 70%. Here is a brief summary of the normal type of fitting: The arteria coronaria sinistra supplies: The arteria coronaria dextra supplies:
- The left atrium
- The muscles of the left ventricle
- Most of the septum interventricular
- A portion of the front wall of the right ventricle
- The right atrium
- The right ventricle
- The rear part of the chamber septum
- The sinus node
- The AV node
- A portion of the posterior wall of the left ventricle
