Delafloxacin

Products

Delafloxacin was approved in the United States in 2017, in the EU in 2019, and in many countries in 2020 as a powder for a concentrate for solution for infusion and in tablet form (Quofenix).

Structure and properties

Delafloxacin (C18H12ClF3N4O4, Mr = 440.8 g/mol) belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones. It is present in the drug product as delafloxacin meglumine.

Effects

Delafloxacin (ATC J01MA23) has bactericidal properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The effects are due to inhibition of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II). These enzymes are required for bacterial replication, transcription, repair and recombination of DNA. Delafloxacin has a half-life of approximately 10 hours.

Indications

For the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI), as a second-line agent.

Dosage

According to the SmPC. The drug is administered as an intravenous infusion or perorally. Tablets are taken every 12 hours, regardless of meals.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity, including to other antibiotics in the quinolone group.
  • Previous history of tendon disease associated with the use of fluoroquinolones
  • Pregnancy
  • Women of childbearing age who are not using contraception.
  • Breastfeeding
  • Children or adolescents under 18 years of age.

Full precautions can be found in the drug label.

Interactions

Delafloxacin is predominantly glucuronidated by UGT isozymes and undergoes little oxidative metabolism. Chelates can be formed with metal cations, resulting in reduced absorption.

Adverse effects

The most common potential adverse effects include diarrhea and nausea. Fluoroquinolones can potentially cause numerous adverse effects (see the SmPC).