The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by dengue hemorrhagic fever:
Blood, blood-forming organs – Immune system (D50-D90).
- Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy or DIC (as an abbreviation of the English term Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation) – acute coagulation disorder caused by excessive activation of coagulation.
Cardiovascular System (I00-I99).
- Cardiac involvement, unspecified
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Dengue shock syndrome (DSS) – circulatory failure associated with dengue hemorrhagic fever [up to 30% lethality/sterility rate].
Liver, gallbladder, and biliary tract – Pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87).
- Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver)
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99).
- Myositis (inflammation of skeletal muscle).
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)
- Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain).
- Encephalopathy (brain disease).
- Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS; synonyms: Idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis, Landry-Guillain-Barré-Strohl syndrome); two courses: acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (peripheral nervous system disease); idiopathic polyneuritis (diseases of multiple nerves) of spinal nerve roots and peripheral nerves with ascending paralysis and pain; usually occurs after infections.
- Hypokalemic (potassium deficiency) paralysis.
- Myelitis (inflammation of the spinal cord).
- Neuralgic amyotrophy (muscle atrophy).
After an expired infection, immunity exists, but only to the serotype of the expired infection.
Prognostic factors
Independent predictors (prognostic factor) for neurologic complications are:
- In the early phase of infection: elevated hematocrit (proportion of cellular components in the volume of blood), thrombocytopenia (lack of platelets), and elevated liver enzymes
- Increased body temperature
- In contrast, skin rash (rash) and increased hematocrit with increased body temperature are more likely to indicate peripheral nervous system involvement.
Other predictors of a severe course include:
- Abdominal pain (abdominal pain)
- Persistent vomiting
- Edema (water retention), ascites (abdominal fluid), pleural effusions (pathologic (abnormal) increase in fluid content between the pleura parietalis (pleura of the chest) and pleura visceralis (pleura of the lungs))
- Mucosal bleeding
- Hepatomegaly (enlargement of the liver)
- Lethargy
- Restlessness
