Diagnosis of bleeding gums

If gum bleeding occurs frequently, there is a risk of the inflammation spreading to important structures of the periodontium. In the worst case, the loss of actually perfectly healthy teeth can follow. For this reason, affected patients should consult their family dentist or a specialist in periodontology as soon as possible.

Gum bleeding is diagnosed by conducting a comprehensive screening. This means that both the condition of the teeth and the appearance of the gums are examined. Swollen, dark discolored gums generally indicate severe inflammation.

In the course of periodontal screening, the dentist determines both the depth and the extent of the gaps between the teeth and gums (gum pockets). The treating dentist has the possibility to measure the gum pockets in two different ways. Usually, the so-called periodontal screening index (PSI) is used, where the measurement is made on behalf of the individual teeth, per quadrant.

Specialists in periodontology prefer a much more comprehensive method, in which measurements are taken at six points around the tooth. The exact depth of the pockets is determined by inserting a narrow, scaled probe between the tooth substance and the gum. In addition, a special microbial test can be carried out during the diagnostic session to determine the exact germ count.

In the course of this test, absorbent paper pens are inserted into the gum pockets and then checked for germs. An X-ray image (OPG) can be taken to assess the situation of the jawbone. An OPG is an image of the teeth and the bony jawbone in the jaw.

Gum bleeding in the child – What is behind it?

As in adults, bleeding gums in (young) children are usually a symptom of poor oral hygiene. Increased deposits lead to pronounced gingivitis, making the gums more susceptible to external stimuli. In addition to poor oral hygiene, the wrong diet is also a risk factor.

Highly sugary drinks increase the probability of plaque build-up and thus trigger gum bleeding. Sometimes, however, there can be a very harmless explanation. If you scrub too hard when brushing your teeth or if you fall, your gums are injured and start bleeding.

Furthermore, many small children often have an allergy problem, which can lead to mouth breathing – especially at night – due to a blocked nose. This dries out the mucous membranes and leads to an increased tendency to bleed. All in all, however, the disease should only be observed for a few days and a dentist or family doctor should be consulted after about a week at the latest. A stronger and longer lasting disease could damage the permanent teeth of the child.