Diagnosis
For the diagnosis of pain in the heel area, the collection of the medical history (anamnesis) and the physical examination play a major role. Not only the heel and Achilles tendon must be examined, but also the entire posture, joint mobility, muscle strength and gait pattern. The function of nerves is also usually examined on the basis of reflexes and the testing of sensory perceptions (sensitivity).
Depending on the underlying cause of the complaints, further diagnostic measures may be necessary. Certain laboratory analyses or imaging procedures can facilitate diagnosis. In the area of the foot and heel, ultrasound and X-ray examinations are particularly important.
For more specific questions or as part of a planned operation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, nuclear spin) or computer tomography can also be performed. An arthroscopy may also be necessary in some cases to get to the bottom of the cause of the heel pain. In some cases, arthroscopy can also be used to eliminate the underlying problem.
Prophylaxis
In order to prevent foot complaints, there are a few simple guidelines that you should follow. For example, the body weight should be within the normal range, as the human ankles have to withstand strong pressure. Overweight causes wear and tear not only in the area of the feet.
Regular physical activity, a balanced diet and avoiding nicotine are also important, as these things increase the blood circulation in the feet. Suitable footwear in everyday life and during sports should be taken into account, for example wearing high heels is not recommended for a healthy Achilles tendon.
