First of all, it should be mentioned that the prohibited substances listed below are not substances specifically developed for sport, but are a misuse of special drugs as doping. In addition to the performance-enhancing effect, health hazards and detectability are the criteria for inclusion in the doping list. In the case of peptide hormones and analogues, however, detection is very difficult.
Drugs may only be used for the healing process. In doping tests in sport, a distinction is made between tests immediately after the competition and scoring outside the competition. The latter are also called training controls.
In the case of post-competition testing, the rules of the individual sports federations, which are linked to the IOC guidelines, apply. The criteria are: The athletes to be tested must report to the specified control room at the request of the Doping Control Committee no more than 1 hour after being requested to do so and must provide a urine sample of at least 75 ml under supervision. The sample is divided into an A Sample and a B Sample.
The samples will be made anonymous and sent to an independent laboratory for analysis. If the sample tests positive, the anonymization is cancelled. The athlete has the possibility to order a test of the B-sample.
If the B-sample tests negative, the test is considered negative. However, this case occurs very rarely. A refusal to test is considered a positive result.
(Doping in sport) The sanctioning depends on the respective sports federations. Therefore, there are differences between the individual federations. At the German Sports Confederation (DSB), doping abuse is punishable by exclusion from the next Olympics.
Since 1970, anabolic steroids (anabolic steroids) have been included in the doping list of the Since the detection of anabolic steroids on the day of competition is difficult after they have been discontinued before the competition, training controls have been used in addition to the competition controls since then. In Germany about 4000 controls are performed annually for A, B and C cadres. The National Olympic Committee and the Anti-Doping Commission of the DSB are responsible for carrying out these tests.
The controls take place at home training as well as in training camps at random, unannounced and are assigned to independent organizations.
- In individual competitions the best four and a number of assigned athletes are tested
- In case of suspected doping
- In team competitions, 3 players are usually drawn by lot.
What is fairness in sports and where does fairness stop. The best training methods enable maximum physiological performance improvements.
But not all athletes can afford the best coaching. Equal opportunities are therefore not given. Should professional support in competitive sports therefore be prohibited?
The discussion about the use of prohibited substances is a recurring theme in many areas of sport. To what extent doping is opposed to fair competition is very controversial. Every athlete is different in his or her biological constitution, and therefore better or less suitable for specific sporting stresses.
Especially in purely conditional sports, sporting success is as much dependent on the biological constitution of the athlete as it is on years of hard training. In the high performance area, sporting success cannot be achieved even with the best training methods if there is a lack of biological disposition. The genetically determined anatomical distribution of the muscle fibers can be seen as an example.
Is it already worth mentioning here to discuss fairness in sports. Doping therefore serves to provide a greater advantage to the favored athletes and to compensate the physical disadvantages of the less favored athletes. If two athletes with different physical conditions and the same amount of training compete against each other, one athlete taking banned substances.
Which athlete deserves the higher reputation for the same performance. The biologically preferred athlete, or the athlete who takes health, financial and social risks. It is questionable to what extent the human body can improve performance through training and to what extent doping can even begin to allow a fair comparison.
If everyone is free to decide to what extent they take possible risks to improve their performance, the use of doping in sports competitions would have to be tolerated. However, this would not clarify the question of equal opportunities.
