Dry Nose

Symptoms

Possible symptoms associated with dry nasal mucosa include crusting, the formation of mucus with a high viscosity, nosebleeds, rhinitis, disorders of the sense of smell, inflammation, and obstruction, i.e., restricted nasal breathing. Itching and mild burning may also occur, according to the literature. The stuffy nose is very uncomfortable, especially at night, and can lead to sleep disturbances. It tempts the use of decongestant nasal sprays such as active ingredients like xylometazoline, which lead to rhinitis medicamentosa and dependence if used regularly.

Causes

Causes of dry nasal mucosa include (selection):

Diagnosis

The diagnosis is made in medical treatment on the basis of the patient’s history and with the help of an inspection of the nasal mucosa. The specialists are ENT physicians.

Nonpharmacologic treatment

  • Increasing the humidity of the air, for example with a humidifier.
  • Sufficient fluid intake.
  • Care and cleaning of the mucous membrane, removal of crusts.
  • Discontinuation or change of the triggering drugs.
  • Turning off the air conditioner.
  • Inhalation of water vapor.
  • Triggering factors influence.
  • Treatment of causative infectious diseases.
  • Prevent the development of local trauma, for example, “picking the nose“.
  • Avoid environments with low humidity.

Drug treatment

Nasal ointments:

Moisturizing nasal sprays:

Nasal rinses (nasal douches):

  • Have moisturizing and cleansing properties. Sea water and Ems salt are often used.

Inhalations:

  • For example, with medicinal drugs such as chamomile or essential oils.

Nasal oils:

  • Are nasal products (sprays or drops) based on fatty oils. They may also contain additives such as essential oils. The introduction of kerosenes into the nose is controversial because it can cause lipid pneumonia.

Parasympathomimetics:

  • Such as pilocarpine are available in tablet form and stimulate glandular secretion. They are prescribed in a severe course, for example in Sjögren’s syndrome.