Products
Dupilumab was approved as a solution for injection in the United States and EU in 2017 and in many countries in 2019 (Dupixent).
Structure and properties
Dupilumab is a human recombinant IgG4 monoclonal antibody with a molecular mass of 147 kDa. It is produced by biotechnological methods.
Effects
Dupilumab (ATC D11AH05) has anti-inflammatory and selective immunosuppressive properties. The antibody targets the alpha subunit of the interleukin-4 receptor and the interleukin-13 receptor. It thus blocks the biological effects of the cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13). Both inflammatory mediators are secreted by T-helper cells (Th2) and play an important role in the development of atopic dermatitis. Clinical studies have shown significant improvement in skin reactions, itching, psychological symptoms (e.g. anxiety, depression) and sleep disturbances. Dupilumab has a rapid onset of action and additionally reduces the number of skin infections.
Indications
For the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in adult patients when therapy with prescription topical medications does not provide adequate disease control or is not recommended. In 2018, the drug was additionally approved in the United States for the treatment of asthma. This article refers to atopic dermatitis.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The drug is administered every other week as a subcutaneous injection.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
Live vaccines should not be administered concomitantly.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include injection site reactions, conjunctivitis, lid margin inflammation, and oral herpes.
