Eating behavior and eating habits
Eating habits, created by the role model function of parents and family, are shaped by habits. Not chewing properly, eating on the side, eating hastily, not enjoying food, eating standing up, eating while watching TV,
Energy supply
Obesity is based on the fact that either too much energy is supplied to the body or too little energy is consumed. This results in a positive energy balance, i.e. the energy supply is higher than the energy consumption. Energy consumption is made up of basal metabolic rate (55 percent of energy requirements), thermogenesis and the energy required for physical activity.
The basal metabolic rate is the amount of energy the body requires to maintain all important bodily functions. So, in complete rest. Thermogenesis accounts for about 25 percent of the energy requirement.
This is the process of heat generation through the “burning” of food. Cold and food intake increase the thermogenesis. Depending on the level of activity, physical activity accounts for the remaining approximately 20 percent of the daily energy requirement
Energy requirements of children and young people
Average energy requirement of children and young people in kilocalories per dayRichtwert If, for example, a ten-year-old girl eats a bar of chocolate or 100 grams of chips every day, she has already covered a third of her daily energy requirement with approximately 500 kcal.
- 1-4 yearsBoys: 1100 kcalGirls: 1000 kcal
- Boys: 1100 kcal
- Girls: 1000 kcal
- 4-7 yearsBoys: 1500 kcalGirls: 1400 kcal
- Boys: 1500 kcal
- Girls: 1400 kcal
- 7-10 yearsBoys: 1900 kcalGirls: 1700 kcal
- Boys: 1900 kcal
- Girls: 1700 kcal
- 10-13 yearsBoys: 2300 kcalGirls: 2000 kcal
- Boys: 2300 kcal
- Girls: 2000 kcal
- 13-15 yearsBoys: 2700 kcalGirls: 2200 kcal
- Boys: 2700 kcal
- Girls: 2200 kcal
- 15-19 yearsBoys: 3100 kcalGirls: 2500 kcal
- Boys: 3100 kcal
- Girls: 2500 kcal
- Boys: 1100 kcal
- Girls: 1000 kcal
- Boys: 1500 kcal
- Girls: 1400 kcal
- Boys: 1900 kcal
- Girls: 1700 kcal
- Boys: 2300 kcal
- Girls: 2000 kcal
- Boys: 2700 kcal
- Girls: 2200 kcal
- Boys: 3100 kcal
- Girls: 2500 kcal
