The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by esophageal varices (varicose veins of the esophagus):
Blood, blood-forming organs – Immune system (D50-D90).
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Hypovolemic shock (volume-deficiency shock) associated with esophageal variceal hemorrhage.
- Esophageal variceal hemorrhage – it represents the most common cause of death in esophageal varices
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Coma hepaticum (hepatic coma), if esophageal varices are followed by cirrhosis (irreversible (nonreversible) damage to the liver, which is based on marked remodeling of liver tissue)
Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Hematemesis (vomiting blood) in esophageal variceal bleeding → medical emergency!
- Melena (tarry stools) in esophageal variceal bleeding.
