Femoral Neck Fracture: Prevention

To prevent femoral neck fracture (femoral neck fracture), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors.

Bone-related factors that lead to an increased likelihood of fracture

Behavioral risk factors

  • Diet
    • Malnutrition
    • Micronutrient deficiency (vital substances) – vitamin D, calcium.
  • Consumption of stimulants
    • Alcohol (woman: > 40 g/day; man: > 60 g/day).
    • Tobacco (smoking)
  • Physical activity
    • Lack of physical activity
    • Physical inactivity

Factors that increase the overall risk of injury

Behavioral risk factors

  • Smoking
  • Spatial conditions such as slippery floors or carpets.

Further

  • Long immobility
  • Slow gait pattern
  • Low body weight (BMI < 18.5)

Medication

General preventive measures

  • Nutrition
    • Adequate nutrition (BMI > 20)
    • Calcium-rich diet
    • Compensate for vitamin D deficiency (20-30 μg vitamin D daily)
  • Consumption of stimulants
    • Stop smoking
  • Physical activity
    • Regular physical activity
    • Avoidance of immobilization
    • Improving strength and coordination
  • Daily sun exposure (> 30 min daily).
  • In case of fall risk clarification of the causes
  • Treat preventable causes
  • From the age of 70, annual fall history.
  • Wear sturdy shoes
  • Use sturdy walking aids
  • Prescribe hip protectors, if necessary (reduce fracture risk in a selectivePopulation at high risk for proximal femur fractures)
  • Age-appropriate home furnishings (avoid door thresholds and carpets; use handrails).
  • Diseases: Clarification and treatment of neuro-muscular diseases.
  • Switch/adapt medication if necessary