Flank Pain: Test and Diagnosis

1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests.

  • Small blood count
  • Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein).
  • Urine status (rapid test for: pH, leukocytes, nitrite, protein, glucose, ketone, urobilinogen, bilirubin, blood), sediment, if necessary urine culture (pathogen detection and resistogram) [microhematuria: stone disease, sensitivity: 90%].
  • Renal parameters – urea, creatinine, if necessary cystatin C or creatinine clearance.
  • Liver parameters – alanine aminotransferase (ALT, GPT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST, GOT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT, GGT), alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin.

Laboratory parameters 2nd order – depending on the results of the history, physical examination and mandatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification.

  • Pancreatic parameters – amylase, elastase (in serum and stool), lipase.
  • Pregnancy test (quantitative HCG).
  • Test for occult (not visible) blood in the stool.