Definition
In school or other educational institutions, knowledge is passed on to the students through the lessons given by a teacher. There are various methods of imparting knowledge, which generally aim to pass on knowledge as quickly and effectively as possible and thus achieve the learning goal.
Overview of the teaching methods
These different methods are called forms of teaching, in general didactics the forms of teaching are called basic types of teaching. A distinction is made between different types of teaching. Many schools also combine different forms of teaching.
- Closed classes
- Open classes
- Workshop work
- Cooperative teaching.
The concept of open teaching is not precisely defined. In the early 2000s this form of teaching was coined by the pedagogue Falko Peschel. In principle, this is understood to mean that the learning process in open instruction is completely shaped by the students themselves and that the teacher remains more in the background.
He supports the students in self-organized learning and is available for questions or problems. The aim is that the students deal with the contents according to their individual interests and abilities. This allows the student to choose from a selection of learning materials to suit his or her learning style.
If, for example, someone is learning particularly well about listening, then radio plays or films and discussions are a good option. It is therefore up to the student to decide which method to use and whether this is done in individual or group work. A closed class refers to a school-based learning that is determined by the teacher and/or a curriculum.
The lessons are thus constantly comprehensible and can always be controlled in terms of execution and results. Binding learning goals are set even before the lessons have begun. The learning contents, methods, media, temporal structuring and achievement proofs are also already exactly planned.
The closed classroom promotes and demands especially a reproduction on the part of the students. This teaching concept is less about learning with each other, but rather about a rather one-sided communication on the part of the teacher. For this reason, this method is useful when the reproduction of learning content is required as quickly and accurately as possible.
The student is expected to behave according to the given rules. This form of teaching is unsuitable for creative tasks or individual solutions. You can find out whether your child is ready for school under Enrolment test At this point it is also important what role the school break plays in the child’s concentration.
Cooperative forms of teaching are competence-oriented with an emphasis on the students’ independent and responsible actions. Cooperative learning is characterized by three basic levels. In summary, all group members gain a common understanding of a question.
- In the first level, students work individually to develop something. In this stage, the focus is on the acquisition of knowledge.
- This is discussed in the second stage with the partner, in partner work, or in the group, it is exchanged and the knowledge is compared in this stage.
- In the third stage, the results are presented. Now each student should be able to present the results from the whole group.
