The following risk factors are important in oxidative stress: biographic and immutable risk factors.
- Genetic stress from parents, grandparents (genetic individuality, which means genetically determined different equipment, e.g., with radical-scavenging enzymes).
- Age
Modifiable risk factors modifiable by behavior.
- Diet low in vital nutrients (few cereal products, less than 5 servings of vegetables and fruits (400-800 g/day), few milk and dairy products, less than one to two fish per week, etc).
- Malnutrition and malnutrition including over- and undernutrition.
- Smoking the substances inhaled in a single puff from a cigarette, form 1015 free radicals in the lungs a hundred times more than we ourselves have body cells. When detoxifying the tar inhaled at the same time, an additional 1014 free radicals are formed.
- UV rays for example sunlight, solarium
- Extreme physical labor
- Competitive and high-performance sports
Treatable risk factors Diseases known to be associated with oxidative stress.
- Acute inflammation
- Atherosclerosis
- Diabetes mellitus
- Hemochromatosis
- Pulmonary diseases such as Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), bronchial asthma, emphysema, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
- Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Laboratory diagnoses laboratory parameters that are considered independent risk factors.
- Malonaldehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), and 2-propenal (acrolein) indirect indicators of oxidative stress (as end products of lipid peroxidation).
Drugs
- Hormonal contraceptives in 40- to 48-year-old women who used oral contraceptives, significantly increased peroxidation of lipids was recorded. This may be indicative of increased cardio-vascular risk.
X-rays
- Irradiation for tumor diseases
- Ionizing rays
Chemotherapies
Surgeries
Environmental pollution and intoxications
