The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation):
Liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts – Pancreas (pancreatitis) (K70-K77; K80-K87).
- Cholangitis – inflammation of the bile ducts.
- Chronic recurrent cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation).
- Gallbladder empyema – accumulation of pus in the gallbladder.
- Gallbladder hydrops – gallbladder enlargement due to an obstruction of the bile duct.
- Gallbladder perforation (rupture of the gallbladder) with bilious peritonitis (peritonitis).
- Fistula formation
- Mirizzi syndrome – rare form of occlusive icterus (jaundice) due to biliary tract obstruction/narrowing (occurs when the ductus hepaticus communis, i.e., the bile duct located outside the liver, is compressed by a concretion (stone) in the neck of the gallbladder or in the ductus cysticus (bile duct))
- Pericholecystic abscess – encapsulated collection of pus in the area around the gallbladder.
- Porcelain gallbladder – gallbladder with a thickened wall; caused by chronic cholecystitis.
- Secondary pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).
Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Transmigratory peritonitis – peritonitis due to passage of bacteria (in this case, through the gallbladder wall) into the abdominal cavity.
- Gallstone ileus – intestinal obstruction due to a usually very large gallstone.
- Subphrenic abscess – encapsulated collection of pus in the area under the diaphragm.
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99).
- Septic shock
Prognostic factors
Parameters for the presence of severe acute cholecystitis:
- Age (continuous variable).
- Leukocyte count ≥ 12.4 x 103/µl (= probability of severe acute cholecystitis is increased by a factor of 5.6)
- CRP level ≥ 9.9 mg/dl (indicates a significantly higher risk for the presence of a severe course in young patients than in older patients)
- Thickened gallbladder wall on ultrasound
septic shock icd-10
