Acute gastritis (gastritis) may result in the following secondary diseases or complications:
Blood, blood-forming organs – Immune system (D50-D90).
Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Ulcus ventriculi (gastric ulcer) and consequently come to a gastric perforation or a life-threatening gastric bleeding, which is manifested by vomiting blood (hematemesis) or tarry stools (melena).
Chronic gastritis type A
The following are the main diseases or complications that may be contributed by type A gastritis:
Blood-forming organs – Immune system (D50-D90).
- Pernicious anemia, which is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12.
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Vitamin B12 deficiency – the absorption of vitamin B12 is impaired in type A gastritis in 70% of cases. This is due to destruction of the parietal cells (vestibular cells) that produce intrinsic factor. This factor is required to be able to absorb vitamin B12.
Psyche – Nervous System (F00-F99; G00-G99).
- Polyneuropathy (diseases of the peripheral nervous system affecting multiple nerves); here as a consequence of pernicious anemia.
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48) Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).
- Gastric carcinoma (stomach cancer)
- Microcarcinoid neuroendocrine tumors (NET).
Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestine (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Achylia gastrica – Destruction of the acid-producing parietal cells results in gastric acid deficiency (achlorhydria), which is called achylia gastrica. Due to the absence of gastric acid, which is an obligatory prerequisite for the development of an ulcer, these patients never develop an ulcer (ulcer)!
- Atrophic gastritis (gastritis with regression of the mucosa).
- Dysbiosis (imbalance of the intestinal flora).
Chronic gastritis type B
The following are the main diseases or complications that may be contributed by type B gastritis:
Blood-forming organs – Immune system (D50-D90).
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP, more recently called immune thrombocytopenia, other synonyms: Autoimmune thrombocytopenia, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, purpura haemorrhagica, thrombocytopenic purpura) – increased breakdown of platelets (blood clots) and consequent increased bleeding tendency.
Circulatory system (I00-I99)
- Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48) Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48)
- MALT lymphoma (lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, MALT); so-called extranodal lymphomas; about 50% of all MALT lymphomas are diagnosed in the stomach (80% in the gastrointestinal tract/gastrointestinal tract); MALT lymphomas are highly favored in their development by chronic infections with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, resp. favored by inflammation (90% of MALT lymphomas of the stomach are Helicobacter pylori-positive); by an Erdikationstherapie (antibiotic therapy) disappear not only the bacteria, but as a result in 75% of cases also the gastric lymphoma.
Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Atrophic gastritis (gastritis with regression of the mucosa).
- Ulcus duodeni (duodenal ulcer) (about 90% of cases arise on the ground of chronic Helicobacter pylori gastritis).
- Ulcus ventriculi (gastric ulcer) (about 70% of cases arise on the ground of chronic Helicobacter pylori gastritis).
Prognostic factors
- Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with iron deficiency were significantly more aggressive in studies and caused more severe inflammation than those from patients without iron deficiency.
Chronic gastritis type C
The following are the major diseases or complications that may be contributed to by type C gastritis:
Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Duodenal ulcer (duodenal ulcer) with a high risk of bleeding.
- Ulcus ventriculi (gastric ulcer) with a high risk of bleeding.
Other notes
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increase the risk of gastroduodenal ulcers fourfold. Concomitant use of glucocorticoids increases the ulcer risk 15-fold.
- Type C chronic gastritis has a self-limiting course and heals after elimination of the noxious agent (the triggering toxin).
