Products
Gentamicin is found in creams, ointments, eye drops, eye ointments, and ear drops, among other products. It can also be administered parenterally. This article refers primarily to topical administration.
Structure and properties
Gentamicin is usually present in drugs as gentamicin sulfate, a mixture of sulfates of antimicrobially active substances formed by the bacterium. The main components are gentamicins C1, C1a, C2, C2a and C2b. Gentamicin sulfate is a white, hygroscopic powder that is readily soluble in water.
Effects
Gentamicin (ATC D06AX07) has bactericidal properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The effects are due to inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S subunit of ribosomes.
Indications
For the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases, for example on the skin, external auditory canal, or eye.
Dosage
According to the professional information. Use depends on the preparation.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include local and allergic reactions (contact sensitization). When used systemically, gentamicin may damage hearing and the kidneys (oto- and nephrotoxicity).
