Products
Glimepiride is commercially available in tablet form (Amaryl, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1995.
Structure and properties
Glimepiride (C24H34N4O5S, Mr = 490.62 g/mol) exists as a white to yellowish-white, crystalline and odorless powder that is practically insoluble in water. It belongs structurally to the sulfonylureas.
Effects
Glimepiride (ATC A10BB12) has antidiabetic properties. It stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Endogenous insulin production is a prerequisite for efficacy. The effects are based on binding to ATP-dependent potassium channels (KATP, see also gliclazide for details).
Indications
For the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The drug is usually taken once a day in the morning immediately before a rich breakfast. Meals must not be skipped after taking the drug. If breakfast is not taken, administration is just before the first main meal.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity, including to other sulfonylureas and sulfonamides.
- Diabetes mellitus type 1
- Diabetic coma, ketoacidosis
- Severe dysfunction of the adrenal cortex, anterior pituitary, thyroid, kidney, and liver.
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
Glimepiride is metabolized by CYP2C9. Corresponding drug-drug interactions are possible. Numerous drugs have a potential effect on blood glucose.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include hypoglycemia, headache, nausea, and dizziness.
