1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests.
- Microscopic examination of specimens such as urethral swabs, ejaculate, or cervical swabs (cervical smears) – detection of Gram-negative diplococci in purulent urethral secretions (typically intracellular).
- Cultural detection of gonococci – this means that the pathogens are grown.
- Serological detection of antibodies against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococci) – is carried out when chronic gonorrhea is suspected.
- If necessary, Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA detection (Go-PCR).
Laboratory parameters 2nd order – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, etc. – for differential diagnostic clarification.
- Bacteria
Chlamydia trachomatis (lymphogranuloma venereum) – serology: Chlamydia trachomatis, HSV type 1 u. 2; Treponema pallidum (lues, syphillis) – antibodies against Treponema pallidum (TPHA, VDRL etc.; Ureaplasma urealyticum. - Viruses HIV (AIDS), herpes simplex virus type 1/2 (genital herpes), human papilloma virus [HPV] (condylomata acuminata).
- Parasites
Fungi: Candida albicans and other Candida species genital smear – pathogen and resistance); Trichomonas vaginalis (trichomoniasis, colpitis) – antigen detection.