The anamnesis (medical history) represents an important component in the diagnosis of gynecomastia (breast enlargement).
Family history
- Are there several men in the family who suffer from gynecomastia?
Social history
Current anamnesis/systemic anamnesis (somatic and psychological complaints).
- When did the breast change become apparent?
- Is the change unilateral or bilateral?
- Is the breast sensitive to touch?
- Have there been any other symptoms?
Vegetative anamnesis including nutritional anamnesis.
- Are you overweight? Please tell us your body weight (in kg) and height (in cm).
- Has your weight changed unintentionally?
- Do you use drugs? If yes, what drugs (cannabis (hemp)) and how often per day or per week?
- Did you use lavender/tea tree oil containing shampoos, soaps, lotions, etc. before puberty (sexual maturity)? If necessary, ask your mother about it.
Self anamnesis incl. medication anamnesis
- Pre-existing conditions (childhood diseases; hormonal, liver, kidney, and tumor diseases).
- Operations
- Allergies
Medication history
- Antidepressants
- Antihypertensives
- ACE inhibitors
- Nifedipine (calcium antagonist)
- Antifungal agents (itraconazole).
- Azoles (voriconazole)
- Triazole derivatives (fluconazole)
- Captopril (ACE inhibitor)
- Cimetidine (H2 antihistamine)
- Diazepam
- Cardiac glycosides (digitalis) – digitoxin, digoxin
- Hormones
- Anabolic steroids
- Androgen abuse
- Antiandrogens (bicalutamide, cyproterone acetate, flutamide).
- Gonadotropins
- Estrogens; estrogen therapy in prostate cancer (prostate cancer).
- Finasteride
- Ketoconazole (antifungal agent)
- Methadone (opioid; heroin substitute).
- Metoclopramide (antiemetic)
- Metronidazole (antibiotic)
- Omeprazole (proton pump inhibitor)
- Phenytoin (anticonvulsant)
- Psychotropic drugs, unspecified
- Spironolactone (diuretic)
- Tuberculostatics (INH) and others.
- See also under drug side effects “Hyperprolactinemia due to drugs“.
