Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Drug Therapy

Therapeutic targets Symptom relief Preservation and improvement of the quality of life Prolongation of survival time Therapy recommendations Therapy of low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. In the presence of low-grade cytopenia (decrease in cell count) and depending on age and comorbidities (concomitant diseases), it is sufficient to initially observe or wait (“watch and wait”) in these patients. … Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Drug Therapy

Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Prevention

To prevent myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Environmental exposures – Intoxications (poisonings). Long-term exposure (10-20 years) to toxic (poisonous) substances such as benzenes and also certain solvents – particularly affected are gas station attendants, painters and varnishers, and also airport attendants (kerosene).

Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

The following symptoms and complaints may indicate myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS): Symptoms due to cytopenia (decrease in the number of cells in the blood) (80%). Anemia symptoms (70-80%). Exertional dyspnea (shortness of breath during exertion). Exercise tachycardia (rapid heartbeat under stress). Paleness of the skin and mucous membranes Headache Tiredness and fatigue Dizziness Decreased physical and … Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Causes

Pathogenesis (disease development) Myelodysplastic syndrome disorders are clonal disorders of hematopoiesis (blood formation), meaning that there are qualitative and quantitative changes in hematopoiesis as well as peripheral cytopenia (decreased number of cells in the blood). The defect is in the pluripotent stem cell (stem cells that can differentiate into any cell type of an organism) … Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Causes

Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Therapy

Supportive therapy Supportive therapy refers to measures that are used in a supportive manner. They are not intended to cure the disease, but to accelerate the healing process and alleviate symptoms. If there is a deficiency of erythrocytes (red blood cells) or platelets (thrombocytes) in the peripheral blood, blood transfusions may be considered: Transfusion of … Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Therapy

Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Blood, blood-forming organs-immune system (D50-D90). Aplastic anemia – form of anemia (anemia) characterized by pancytopenia (reduction of all cell series in the blood; stem cell disease) and concomitant hypoplasia (functional impairment) of the bone marrow. Acquired isolated aplastic anemia (“pure-red-cell-aplasia”) – special form of aplastic anemia: only the number of erythrocytes is decreased. Hypersplenia syndrome … Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes, and sclerae (white part of the eye) [pallor; petechiae (minute pinpoint hemorrhage of skin/mucous membranes); increased hematoma formation (bruising/blue spots)] Abdomen (abdomen) Shape of the abdomen? … Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Examination

Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Test and Diagnosis

1st-order laboratory parameters-obligatory laboratory tests. Small blood count [Hemoglobin often < 12 g/dL [Leukocyte count often < 4,000/μl Platelet count often <100,000/μl] Note: Macrocytic anemia [MCV (mean corpuscular volume) ↑] is often present with lack of adequate increase in reticulocytes (young, immature red blood cells). Differential blood count – to determine the subgroups of leukocytes … Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Test and Diagnosis