Oxazolidinones

Effects Oxazolidinones have antibacterial activity against aerobic Gram-positive bacteria and anaerobic microorganisms. They bind to bacterial ribosomes and prevent the formation of a functional 70S initiation complex, and thus an essential step during the translation process. Indications For the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases. Active ingredients Linezolid (Zyvoxide) Tedizolid (Sivextro)

Azithromycin

Products Azithromycin is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets, powder for preparation of a suspension, and granules (Zithromax, generic). Furthermore, a granule for the preparation of a sustained-release oral suspension is available (Zithromax Uno). Eye drops have also been released in some countries. Azithromycin has been approved in many countries since 1992. Structure … Azithromycin

Minocycline

Products Minocycline is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Minocin). It has been approved in many countries since 1984. Minac capsules are out of commerce. Topical medicines are additionally available in some countries. Structure and properties Minocylcine (C23H27N3O7, Mr = 457.5 g/mol) is present in drugs as minocycline hydrochloride, a yellow, crystalline, hygroscopic … Minocycline

Bismuth, Metronidazole, Tetracycline

Products The fixed combination Pylera with the active ingredients bismuth, metronidazole, and tetracycline was approved in many countries in 2017 in the form of hard capsules. In some countries, it was available much earlier, for example, in the United States since 2006. This treatment is the so-called bismuth quadruple therapy (“BMTO”), which was developed by … Bismuth, Metronidazole, Tetracycline

Amoxicillin (Amoxil)

Products Amoxicillin is commercially available in the form of tablets, film-coated tablets, dispersible tablets, as powder or granules for the preparation of a suspension, as an infusion and injection preparation, and as a veterinary drug. In addition to the original Clamoxyl, numerous generics are available today. Amoxicillin was launched in 1972 and has been approved … Amoxicillin (Amoxil)

Ampicillin (Polycillin, Principen, Omnipen)

Products In many countries, human drugs containing ampicillin are no longer commercially available. In other countries, film-coated tablets and injectables are available, often in fixed combination with sulbactam. Structure and properties Ampicillin (C16H19N3O4S, Mr = 349.4 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is sparingly soluble in water. In contrast, the sodium salt ampicillin … Ampicillin (Polycillin, Principen, Omnipen)

Cefaclor

Products Cefaclor is commercially available as sustained-release film-coated tablets and as a suspension (Ceclor). It has been approved in many countries since 1978. Structure and properties Cefaclor monohydrate (C15H14ClN3O4S – H2O, Mr = 385.8) is a white to pale yellow powder that is sparingly soluble in water. It is a semisynthetic antibiotic and has structural … Cefaclor

Cefamandol

Products Cefamandol is commercially available as an injectable (Mandokef). It has been approved in many countries since 1978. Structure and properties Cefamandol (C18H18N6O5S2, Mr = 462.5 g/mol) is present in drugs as cefamandolafate, a white powder that is readily soluble in water. Effects Cefamandol (ATC J01DA07) has bactericidal properties. The effects are due to inhibition … Cefamandol

Sulfadiazine

Products Sulfadiazine is commercially available in combination with silver as silver sulfadiazine cream and gauze (Flammazine, Ialugen plus). This article refers to internal use. See also under silver sulfadiazine. Structure and properties Sulfadiazine (C10H10N4O2S, Mr =250.3 g/mol) exists as in the form of crystals or as a crystalline powder with white, yellowish or light pink … Sulfadiazine

Sulfonamides

Effect Antibacterial Bakeriostatic Antiparasitic against protozoa Mechanism of action Sulfonamides inhibit the synthesis of folic acid in microorganisms. They are structural analogues (antimetabolites) of the natural substrate p-aminobenzoic acid and competitively displace it. Trimethoprim, used in combination with sulfamethoxazole, has a synergistic effect. Indications Bacterial infectious diseases caused by: Streptococcus Pneumococcus Actinomycetes Nocardia, e.g. nocaridosis … Sulfonamides

Paromomycin

Products Paromomycin is commercially available in the form of capsules (Humatin). It has been approved in many countries since 1961. Indications Precoma (clouding of consciousness preceding coma) and coma hepaticum (hepatic coma). Prophylaxis of hepatogenic encephalopathies. Reduction of intestinal flora before surgery Taeniasis (tapeworm) Intestinal amoebiasis

Fusidic Acid

Products Fusidic acid is commercially available as film-coated tablets, cream, ointment, gauze, and ophthalmic drip gel (including Fucidin, Fucithalmic, and generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1968. See also under fusidic acid eye gel. Structure and properties Fusidic acid (C31H48O6, Mr = 516.7 g/mol) belongs to the steroid antibiotics. It is obtained … Fusidic Acid