Definition Nasal breathing is the normal, i.e. physiological form of breathing. At rest, we breathe in and out about sixteen times in one minute, usually quite intuitively through the nose. The air flows through the nostrils into the nose, paranasal sinuses and finally through the throat into the windpipe, from where the fresh air reaches … Nasal breathing
Causes of obstructed nasal breathing The causes of impaired nasal breathing can be many and varied. In adults there is often an enlargement of the lower turbinates or a curvature of the nasal septum, sometimes even a combination of both malformations. In children, foreign bodies in one nostril are occasionally responsible for a nasal breathing … Causes of obstructed nasal breathing | Nasal breathing
When is an operation necessary? Surgery is particularly indicated when there are anatomical changes in the nasal structures. Often there is an enlargement of the inferior turbinates or a bending of the nasal septum. There are possibilities to surgically reduce the size of the lower nasal conchae, for example by laser surgery, radiofrequency surgery or … When is an operation necessary? | Nasal breathing
Definition Respiratory acidosis is a shift of the pH value in the blood to the acidic range. The normal blood pH value fluctuates between 7.38-7.45. If respiratory acidosis is present, the pH value decreases. As the name suggests, the presence of respiratory acidosis is caused by a respiratory disorder. The patient hypoventilats, which means that … Respiratory acidosis
Diagnosis The diagnosis of respiratory acidosis is made by means of blood gas analysis of the arterial blood. This means that blood is not drawn from a vein as is normally the case, but from an artery. The blood is sent to the laboratory. There, the pH value is determined as well as the exact … Diagnosis | Respiratory acidosis
What can be the long-term consequences of respiratory acidosis? As already mentioned in the section “BGA”, respiratory acidosis leads in the long term to metabolic compensation, whereby more bicarbonate is retained. This keeps the pH value largely neutral. If there is a pronounced respiratory acidosis, the patient’s lips turn bluish. The reason for this is … What can be the long-term consequences of respiratory acidosis? | Respiratory acidosis
Prognosis The prognosis of a respiratory acidosis depends entirely on what the cause of this condition is and whether it can be permanently corrected. If the cause is a pure respiratory obstruction, respiratory acidosis is a pure symptom which disappears as soon as the respiratory obstruction is removed. If there is damage to the brain … Prognosis | Respiratory acidosis
Definition Cellular respiration, also known as aerobic (from ancient Greek “aer” – air) cellular respiration, describes in humans the breakdown of nutrients such as glucose or fatty acids with the consumption of oxygen (O2) for energy production, which is necessary for the survival of the cells. During this process the nutrients are oxidized, i.e. they … Cellular respiration in humans
ATP Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is the energy carrier of the human body. All the energy that arises from cellular respiration is initially stored temporarily in the form of ATP. The body can only use this energy if it is available in the form of the ATP molecule.When the energy of the ATP molecule is consumed, … ATP | Cellular respiration in humans
What is the respiratory chain? The respiratory chain is the last part of the degradation pathway of glucose. After the sugar has been metabolized in glycolysis and in the citrate cycle, the respiratory chain has the function of regenerating the reduction equivalents (NADH+H+ and FADH2) produced in the process.This produces the universal energy source ATP … What is the respiratory chain? | Cellular respiration in humans
Energy Balance The energy balance of cellular respiration in the case of glucose can be summarized by the formation of 32 ATP molecules per glucose: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 become 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 32 ATP (for the sake of clarity the ADP and the phosphate residue Pi were omitted in the educts). … Energy Balance | Cellular respiration in humans
Definition Chest breathing (thoracic breathing) is a form of external respiration. It is used to exchange breathable air by ventilating the lungs (ventilation). In chest breathing, this ventilation takes place by expanding and contracting the thorax. In this form of breathing, the ribs are visibly raised and lowered, and they also move outwards. Their movements … The chest breathing
