Synonyms Greek: Pituitary gland Latin: Glandula pituitaria Anatomy of the pituitary gland The pituitary gland is about the size of a pea and lies in the middle cranial fossa in a bony bulge, the sella turcica (Turkish saddle, due to a shape reminiscent of a saddle). It belongs to the diencephalon and lies in close … Pituitary gland
Diseases of the pituitary gland Synonyms: Hypopituitarism Inflammation, injury, radiation, or bleeding can lead to disorders of the pituitary gland. This can result in the production of hormones in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland as well as in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Usually, hormone failures occur in combination. This means … Diseases of the pituitary gland | Pituitary gland
The term “limbic system” refers to a functional unit localized in the brain that serves primarily to process emotional impulses. In addition, the limbic system controls the development of drive behavior. The processing of essential components of intellectual performance is also attributed to the limbic system. In connection with these complex processes, however, the limbic … Limbic system
Fornix The so-called fornix consists of a pronounced fibrous cord that connects the hippocampus with the mammillary corpus above the third ventricle. As part of the functional circuit known as the “limbic system“, the fornix is also involved in the transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory. Corpus mamillare The corpus mamillare is a … Fornix | Limbic system
Functional disorders of the limbic system Since the structures grouped together under the term “limbic system” are involved in a number of processing operations, disturbances of one or more parts of this system can be manifested by severe limitations of cognitive abilities. Especially the inability to assess emotional situations is attributed to dysfunctions in the … Functional disorders of the limbic system | Limbic system
Definition The visual center, also called the visual cortex, is part of the visual system. It is located in the occipital lobe of the brain and belongs to the central nervous system. This is where information from nerve fibers in the visual pathways arrives, is processed, interconnected, interpreted and coordinated. Disturbances in the visual pathways … Viewing Center
Clinical condition of the visual center Damage to the visual path can be caused by numerous processes: Such damage can result in relatively specific vision failures, depending on the location of the visual path or visual system. For example, a unilateral lesion of the optic nerve leads to unilateral blindness. This can occur, for example, … Clinical condition of the visual center | Viewing Center
Introduction The cerebrum is probably the most widely known part of the brain. It is also called the endbrain or telencephalon and makes up the largest part of the human brain. It is only present in humans in this form and size. Roughly speaking, the cerebrum is divided into four lobes, which are named in … Tasks of the cerebrum
Tasks of the cerebral cortex The cerebral cortex, also known as the cortex cerebri, is visible from the outside and envelops the brain. It is also known as the grey matter, because in a fixed state it appears greyish in relation to the cerebral medulla. The cerebral cortex contains the nerve cores of the nerve … Tasks of the cerebral cortex | Tasks of the cerebrum
Tasks of the cerebral medulla The cerebral medulla is also known as the white matter. It consists of a network of supply and support cells between which the nerve processes, the axons, run in bundles. These bundles are combined into pathways. There are no cell bodies in the white matter. Their task is therefore to … Tasks of the cerebral medulla | Tasks of the cerebrum
Cooperation of the cerebrum with the cerebellum The cerebellum lies at the back of the skull, below the cerebrum. Also known as the cerebellum, it serves as a control centre for the coordination, learning and fine-tuning of movement sequences. It receives information from the organ of equilibrium in the ear, the spinal cord, the eyes, … Cooperation of the cerebrum with the cerebellum | Tasks of the cerebrum
Clinical evidence of the motor speech center Lesions in the area of the motor speech center are called Broca’s aphasia. Aphasia means as much as speechlessness. Broca’s aphasia results in characteristic symptoms that make it possible to distinguish it from Wernicke’s aphasia (see below). Thus, although the affected persons can still understand what is spoken … Clinical evidence of the motor speech center | Language Center
