Narcotics (e.g. opioids used in doping) are primarily understood to be the active substance group of morphine and its chemical relatives. These substances primarily have analgesic and euphoric effects. These two factors mean that pain arising in the musculoskeletal system can be better tolerated under maximum stress. However, the body’s own pain signals are important … Narcotic
General information Ephedrine is used in many medicines to treat colds and asthma. There have been many cases of unintentional doping, in which the active ingredient ephedrine has been found in athletes who have actually caught a cold. Thus, ephedrine, similar to caffeine, is tolerated at a limit concentration. The limit is 10 μg/ml urine. … Ephedrine
Cocaine is rarely used as a doping agent. Cocaine is found in the leaves of the South American coca bushes and is often used by locals in Bolivia and Peru to postpone the onset of fatigue. Cocaine is an alkaloid and is extracted from the active components of the coca bush. In 1750, the first … Cocaine
Opioids, such as fentanyl, are used in sports as a drug for doping. The aim is not to directly increase performance, but rather to suppress the pain-induced cessation of exercise. Opioids are differentiated into endogenous opioids, which the organism releases in pain situations, and external to guided opioids for therapeutic treatment or abusive treatment in … Opioids
Anabolic steroids are synthetically produced substances that are related to the male sex hormone testosterone. These substances are mainly taken by strength athletes (including women) and bodybuilders to promote muscle growth and increase the number of oxygen-carrying red blood cells. From a medical point of view, a prescription of anabolic steroids is mainly used for … Anabolic steroids effects and side effects
Scientifically proven To date, it has not yet been possible to clarify whether the negative side effects are caused by anabolic steroids themselves or depend on the dosage. In the literature, daily dosage recommendations can be found for different disciplines. In weight lifting, the goal is to achieve good strength and rapid strength development. It … Scientifically proven | Anabolic steroids effects and side effects
First of all, it should be mentioned that the prohibited substances listed below are not substances specifically developed for sport, but are a misuse of special drugs as doping. In addition to the performance-enhancing effect, health hazards and detectability are the criteria for inclusion in the doping list. In the case of peptide hormones and … Doping in sport
Caffeine (caffeine) is one of the oldest stimulants used by humans and owes its word origin to coffee. The exact name is 1,3,7- trimethyl-2,6-purindione. It is contained in tea, coffee and cola, among others, and has a stimulating effect on the cerebral cortex. Caffeine is a white powder and was first extracted from coffee in … Caffeine
Definition Anabolic steroids or also anabolic steroids are the most frequently detected substances in doping controls. Since 1993, the anabolic substances have been divided into two subgroups. – anabolic, androgenic steroids (see below) Beta-2 agonists The anabolic steroids or also called anabolic steroids are artificially produced active ingredients that are very similar in their structure … Anabolic steroids
Side effects Anabolic steroids are taken by many strength athletes, but few are fully aware of their side effects. Taking this drug is by no means without danger, but potentially life-threatening. The side effects are divided into different groups. A distinction is made between hormonal side effects, metabolic changes, skin side effects, cardiovascular diseases, neuropsychiatric … Side effects | Anabolic steroids
Use for muscle building Almost everyone has stumbled across the term anabolic steroids in connection with muscle building or bodybuilding. They are currently unsurpassed as a doping preparation for muscle building and are therefore the first choice despite their huge range of side effects. Anabolic steroids belong to the fat-soluble hormones. They are therefore able … Use for muscle building | Anabolic steroids
Proof The detection of anabolic steroids is difficult despite the most modern medical technology. Due to metabolic processes, anabolic steroids can only be detected in urine days to weeks after ingestion, depending on the type of medication. For this reason doping tests are not only carried out immediately after the competition, but also as unannounced … Proof | Anabolic steroids
