Hemostasis
If body tissue is opened in the event of an injury, the body’s own hemostasis occurs. On the one hand, the vessel wall in front of and behind the point of exit is constricted in order to lower the blood pressure locally. On the other hand, thrombocytes attach themselves to the connective tissue fibres at the edges of the wound to stop the bleeding.
At the point where the blood exits the wound, a droplet, the so-called thrombus, forms. However, this cannot close the wound permanently due to the rise in blood pressure. In the liver, the prothrombin must be converted into thrombin by vitamin K influence, which converts fribrinogen into fibrin and finally closes the wound permanently.
In addition to these endogenous mechanisms of haemostasis, there are so-called emergency medical measures for haemostasis. By elevating the affected area, the blood pressure can be lowered locally. Normally, a compression bandage is sufficient to temporarily stop the site of blood leakage.
In surgery, a so-called fibrin glue is used. This type of tissue adhesive avoids surgical suturing. and general tasks from the blood
Gas transport of the blood
Due to the oxygen transport function of the blood and the removal of carbon dioxide and lactic acid, sporting activities are possible over a longer period of time. The oxygen diffuses through the thin wall of the alveoli into the pulmonary capillaries. From there it is transported in the flowing blood to the respective successful organ. The carbon dioxide diffuses from the muscles with the blood stream to the lungs and finally to the pulmonary alveolus.
