The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by hepatitis B:
Liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts – Pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87).
- Acute liver failure with hepatic encephalopathy (brain dysfunction resulting from inadequate detoxification function of the liver).
- Chronic active hepatitis B → 15-20% develop cirrhosis within 10 years.
- Hepatitis D
- Liver cirrhosis (connective tissue remodeling of the liver with reduced function) → 15% develop hepatocellular carcinoma within 5 years
- Recurrence (reappearance) of hepatitis B in patients.
- After liver transplantation (LTx).
- Under immunosuppression
- In association with certain direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) such as Daklinza (daclatasvir), Exviera (dasabuvir), Harvoni (sofosbuvir/ledipasvir), Olysio (simeprivir), Sovaldi (sofosbuvir), and Viekirax (ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir) without interferon (hepatitis B reactivation of current or previous HBV infection possible within four to eight weeks of treatment initiation).
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99).
- Arthritis – inflammation of the joints
- Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN, synonym: Kussmaul-Maier disease, panarteritis nodosa) – autoimmune disease of the arteries leading to narrowing of the vascular lumen.
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; hepatocellular carcinoma).
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – reproductive organs) (N00-N99).
- Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) (inflammation of the renal corpuscles).
Prognostic factors for chronicity (20-90%)
- Newborns of HBV-infected mothers, infants, and young children.
- Drug-dependent
- Immunocompromised
- Hemodialysis patients
