Definition
Herpes Simplex is a virus (Herpes Simplex virus) that causes numerous, mainly skin diseases and can be divided into two subgroups. It can be divided into HSV 1 and HSV 2. lip herpes (in the mouth area) is usually triggered by HSV 1, genital herpes by HSV 2.
Transmission
Similar to the varicella zoster virus, the herpes simplex virus 1 is usually absorbed by the human body in childhood. The virus is transmitted through the air via droplet infection (e.g. sneezing) or through direct skin or mucous membrane contact (e.g. kissing).
In 99% of the cases no symptoms appear on first contact, rarely the so-called mouth rot (Stomatitis aphtosa) occurs. The virus remains unnoticed in nerve endings, but under certain conditions it can break out and cause lip herpes. Today, it is assumed that almost 90% of the population is infected with the virus.
Immunocompromised and elderly patients are particularly at risk. Due to their weakened general condition, they can enter into a life-threatening condition through a herpes infection. Herpes simplex virus 2, on the other hand, is usually transmitted through sexual contacts. The first infection therefore usually occurs in late adolescence to adulthood. An outbreak leads to herpes genitalis.
HSV 1 – localization and symptoms
Basically, all skin areas of the body can be affected by a herpes simplex infection. The most common location is the outside of the lips. Usually painful blisters with purulent, encrusted coatings develop.
Many patients notice an itching or burning sensation before the actual outbreak occurs. Of course you should be aware that you are also contagious during an active infection. Namely so contagious that over 90% of all adults are latently, i.e. without symptoms, infected with the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1. Who is once infected with the virus has a “chance” of about 20-30% that the annoying blisters come back.
Fortunately, for an unknown reason, these reactivations become less and less frequent over time. Depending on where the viruses have been carried to, corresponding infections of Herpes simplex can develop at different parts of the skin. In addition, the following should also be mentioned: Unlike shingles, however, not an entire dermatome is affected, so the boundaries are not sharply delineated but rather fluid. The appearance of scaling, reddening and elevation can resemble shingles.
- Herpes nasalis (herpes nose) on the outside of the nose
- Herpes buccalis on the cheek mucosa
- Herpes facialis along the mimic muscles.
