How do probiotics work?

The exact mechanism of action of probiotics is not yet fully understood. This is probably also a reason for the rather inconsistent recommendations for taking the preparations. Various studies suggest that the probiotically effective and viable microorganisms attach themselves to the colon mucosa and form colonies there.

These colonies can now interact with immune cells of the body. Via receptors, they mediate the release of substances that have a harmful effect on malignant bacteria in the intestine. But the formation of colonies has other advantages as well.

For example, it provides an effective barrier that protects the intestine from colonization by malignant bacteria. The interaction of the probiotics with the immune system is also supposed to explain the positive effect of the latter in relation to allergies. In the case of allergies, the immune system is directed against actually harmless substances, such as pollen. Latest studies suggest besides that probiotically effective micro organisms even prevent that in the body too many inflammatory working materials are discharged.

Which probiotics are the best?

The probiotic microorganisms that are repeatedly used in the studies already mentioned are mainly the following: various strains of lactobacilli (L. rhamnosus, L. casei, L. plantarum, L. azidophilus, L. delbrueckii), some strains of bifidobacteria (B. infantis, B. longum, B. breve), and the yeast fungus Saccharomyces boulardii. Their efficacy has been clinically proven in certain cases, especially in the context of various gastrointestinal diseases. When buying probiotic products, consumers should therefore pay attention to the type of bacteria or fungus cultures contained in the product.

The probiotic yogurt

Most supermarkets nowadays offer a whole range of probiotic yogurts to spoon or in small bottles for drinking. These yogurts usually contain actively added bacteria strains with proven probiotic effectiveness. These include above all lactobacilli and bifidobacteria.

Whether these foods actually have a positive influence on physical well-being is controversial, but at least it should be ensured that the product contains at least one million microorganisms per gram. Buyers should also find out whether the organisms contained in the product are also those that have been identified (see above).A common trap when buying probiotic yogurts is the comparatively high sugar content of some products. Here, consumers should take a look at the yogurt’s ingredients. Artificial sweeteners are also frequently contained. Those who can do without them should choose yoghurts to which no additives have been added