Synonyms: Bruise, Hematoma Bruising can occur in the course of impact injuries. This is caused by bleeding from small to large bruises into the tissue. This is basically nothing serious and, in the case of smaller events, is presented as a bruise that turns green-yellow over the next few weeks and slowly recedes.
In the case of larger bruises, it is possible that these do not recede of their own accord and that various means and procedures must be used to help. In people with a tendency to bleed, for example due to anticoagulant medication (heparin, Xarelto® or Marcumar®) or in cases of hemophilia, the bruises can become very large and may need to be checked and treated by a doctor. In principle, however, if no risk factors are present, the bruise usually disappears by itself.
General treatment options
The so-called P-E-C-H rule generally applies to the treatment of bruising. Over the next few weeks, the effusion should then recede. If this is not the case and an encapsulated effusion forms, further treatment can be carried out with shock wave therapy and surgical removal.
This is not the rule, however.
- The P stands for pause. It is important that the affected area is not further stressed for the time being and that the person concerned pauses with his activity.
- The E stands for ice.
It helps if, ideally immediately, it is cooled. This can improve the course of the bruise.
- The C stands for compression. It means that supporting or compressing bandages are applied.
In the best case scenario, these lead to less blood leaking into the tissue at the affected area and to it flowing off more quickly. These bandages can be used in combination with heparin, Voltaren and arnica ointments, for example.
- The last letter the H stands for high camp. If, for example, the leg is affected, this means in practical terms that the leg is placed up on a chair or couch for a long time. The idea behind this is that the blood pressure, which otherwise prevails in the leg when standing, is reduced by lying down, and thus less blood from the defective vessels is pressed into the effusion. In addition, the blood can also flow better from the leg and the effusion.
