To prevent hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors.
Behavioral risk factors
- Diet
- Consumption of very large amounts of carbohydrates with a high glycemic index (mono- and disaccharides) can lead to hyperglycemia (postprandial hyperglycemia).
- Micronutrient deficiency (vital substances) – see prevention with micronutrients.
Medication
- Alpha interferon
- Antipsychotics (neuroleptics) – chlorpromazine, clozapine.
- Arsenic trioxide
- Betamimetics (synonyms: β2-sympathomimetics, also β2-adrenoceptor agonists) – fenoterol, formoterol, hexoprenaline, ritodrine, salbutamol, salmeterol, terbutaline.
- Calcium channel blockers (antihypertensive) – drugs such as nifedipine, diltiazem, verapamil.
- Glucocorticoids
- Hormones such as somatostatin, somatropin (Somatotropic Hormone (STH); Human Growth Hormone (hGH); Growth Hormone (GH); Growth Hormone (WH))
- Metformin (antidiabetic drug)
- Pentamidine (chemotherapeutic agent)
- Loop diuretics
- Sympathomimetics such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, orciprenaline.
- Therapeutic errors in diabetes mellitus
- Thiazide diuretics
- See also under “Diabetogenic effects due to drugs“.