Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis) – autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland; initially with increased secretion of thyroid hormones, later with gradual transition to hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism).
- Hyperthyroidism with decreased or absent uptake in the thyroid scintigram.
- Hyperthyroidism factitia – overdose of thyroid hormones.
- Marine-Lenhart syndrome – simultaneous occurrence of nodular goiter with or without autonomy and immunogenic hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease) denoted.
- Post-partum thyroiditis – thyroiditis after childbirth.
- Postradiogenic hyperthyroidism (hyperthyroidism after radiation therapy.
- Pregnancy hyperthyroidism / gestational hyperthyroidism.
- Goiter with hyperthyroidism (hyperthyroidism):
- Initial stage of thyroiditis (with transient hyperthyroid phase).
- Autonomous (independent) thyroid adenoma / thyroid autonomy (unifocal, multifocal, disseminated, unifocal with disseminated portions).
- Graves’ disease (immune hyperthyroidism; autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland).
- Thyroiditis de Quervain (subacute granulomatous thyroiditis) – relatively rare form of thyroiditis, which often occurs after a respiratory infection; circa five percent of all thyroiditis.
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99).
- Elephantiasis – massive doughy swellings of body parts (e.g., legs) due to chronic congestion of lymphatic fluid.
- Sinus vein thrombosis (SVT) – occlusion of a cerebral sinus (large venous blood vessels of the brain arising from duraduplications) by a thrombus (blood clot); clinical picture: headache, congestion papules and epileptic seizures [in thyrotoxic crisis because of neurological symptoms].
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Elephantiasis – massive doughy swellings of body parts (e.g., legs) due to chronic congestion of lymphatic fluid.
- Sepsis (blood poisoning) [in thyrotoxic crisis due tofever > 41 °C]
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).
- Pheochromocytoma – tumor of the adrenal medulla that produces catecholamines (norepinephrine, epinephrine, and metanephrines).
- TSHoma of the pituitary gland (TSH-producing hypophsenadenoma).
- Struma ovarii (= teratoma of the ovary/ovary with thyroid tissue) (detection on iodine scintigram).
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)
- Depression
- Mania
- Panic attacks
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99).
- Cachexia (emaciation).
Medication
- Medication see below “Causes”)
Environmental pollution – intoxications (poisoning).
- Overdose of thyroid hormones in the treatment of hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism).
