Imbalance of the Intestinal Flora (Dysbiosis): Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps:

• General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; furthermore:
  • Inspection (viewing).
    • Skin, mucous membranes and sclerae (white part of the eye).
    • Abdomen (abdomen)
      • Shape of the abdomen?
      • Skin color? Skin texture?
      • Efflorescences (skin changes)?
      • Pulsations? Bowel movements?
      • Visible vessels?
      • Scars? Hernias (fractures)?
  • Auscultation (listening) of the heart.
  • Auscultation of the lungs [due topossible secondary diseases: bronchial asthma, bronchitis].
  • Examination of the abdomen (abdomen)
    • Auscultation (listening) of the abdomen [vascular or stenotic sounds?, bowel sounds?]
    • Percussion (tapping) of the abdomen.
      • Meteorism (flatulence): hypersonoric tapping sound.
      • Attenuation of tapping sound due to enlarged liver or spleen, tumor, urinary retention?
    • Palpation (palpation) of the abdomen (abdomen), etc. with an attempt to palpate the liver (pressure pain?, knock pain?, cough pain?, defensive tension?, hernial ports?, kidney bearing knock pain?) (pressure pain?, knock pain?, cough pain?, defensive tension?, hernial ports?, kidney bearing knock pain?) [due tometeorism][due topossible causes:
      • Gastritis
      • Liver disease (especially cirrhosis)]

      [due topossible secondary diseases:

      • Chronic gastritis (gastritis).
      • Ulcus ventriculi (gastric ulcer)]
  • Digital rectal examination (DRU): examination of the rectum (rectum) [due topossible cause:
    • Crohn’s disease

    [due topossible secondary disease:

    • Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease)]
• If necessary, dermatological examination [due topossible secondary diseases:
  • Atopic eczema (neurodermatitis).
  • Urticaria (hives)]
• If necessary, ENT medical examination [due topossible secondary diseases:
  • Chronic rhinitis
  • Hay fever (pollinosis)
  • Laryngitis (laryngitis)
  • Otitis media (inflammation of the middle ear)
  • Sinusitis (sinusitis)]
• If necessary, neurological examination [due topossible cause: depression].
• Health check

Square brackets [ ] indicate possible pathological (pathological) physical findings.