The following are the most important conditions or complications that may be contributed to by preterm birth:
Congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99).
- Patent ductus arteriosus (synonyms: Called ductus arteriosus botalli, ductus botalli, or ductus arteriosus Harvey; provides a connection between the aorta (the aorta) and truncus pulmonalis (pulmonary artery) in the fetal (prenatal) circulation). Incl: Patent ductus botalli, persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) secondary to prematurity.
Respiratory system (J00-J99)
- Pulmonary edema (accumulation of water in the lungs) during tocolysis (labor inhibition) with betamimetics, especially in combination with glucocorticoids
Eyes and eye appendages (H00-H59).
- Retinopathia praematurorum (RPM; synonyms: retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) or retinopathy of prematurity, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) – retinal disease in premature infants.
Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period (P00-P96).
- Respiratory distress syndrome [Respiratorydistress syndrome] of the newborn.
- Brochopulmonary dysplasia (BPD): chronic lung disease that occurs when infants are artificially ventilated for prolonged periods (postnatal ventilation or oxygen therapy (> than 28 days)); approximately 15-30% of preterm infants with a birth weight < 1. 000 g or < 32 weeks gestation develop BPD; BPD rarely occurs in preterm infants above 32 weeks gestation; various complications are associated with BPD: Risk increase for respiratory infections, asthma-like symptoms, pulmonary hypertension (high lung pressure) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; progressive, not fully reversible obstruction (narrowing) of the airways) as adults, furthermore impairment of brain development and thus intelligence
- Enterocolitis necroticans (necrotizing enterocolitis, NEC, NEK; intestinal inflammation) in the fetus and newborn.
- Newborn with extreme immaturity, as a result of. : Gestational age (gestational age) of less than 28 completed weeks (of less than 196 completed days).
- Damage to the fetus and newborn due to:
- Cervical insufficiency (weakness of the cervix).
- Chorioamnionitis (inflammation of the inner egg membrane and outer layer of amniotic sacs around the embryo or fetus/unborn child). Incl: Amnionitis (inflammation of the inner membranes of the egg), Chorionitis (inflammation of the membranes of the egg), Placentitis (inflammation of the placenta).
- Birth weight below 2,500 grams (increased perinatal morbidity/disease incidence and mortality/mortality).
- Oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid volume <500 ml) under tocolysis (labor inhibition) with prostaglandin antagonists
- Premature rupture of the membranes
- Other and unspecified morphological and functional placental abnormalities (abnormalities of the placenta), incl.: Placental dysfunction (-malfunction), -infarction (tissue death due to hypoxia), -insufficiency (-weakness).
- Other born before term, as a result of: gestational age of 28 or more completed weeks, but less than 37 completed weeks (from 196 completed days to less than 259 completed days). Incl: Premature birth o.n.a.
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Hypokalemia (potassium deficiency) under tocolysis with beta-mimetics.
Cardiovascular System (I00-I99).
- Hypotension (low blood pressure) caused by drugs under tocolysis with betamimetics, calcium antagonists, magnesium sulfate
- Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICB; cerebral hemorrhage).
Psyche – Nervous System (F00-F99; G00-G99).
- Drug-induced tremor (tremor) under tocolysis with beta-mimetics.
- Drug-induced headache, not elsewhere classified, under tocolysis with betamimetics, oxytocin antagonists (atosiban), calcium antagonists (nifedipine), magnesium sulfate
- Nonorganic sleep disorder, unspecified, under tocolysis with betamimetics.
Pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium (O00-O99).
- Thromboembolism (occlusion of a blood vessel by a dislodged blood clot) during the gestational period.
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT; complete or partial occlusion of a deep vein) during pregnancy (due to bed rest as a result of preterm labor)
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99)
- Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), unspecified, during tocolysis with beta-mimetics
- Edema (water retention), unspecified. Incl: Fluid retention unspecified, under tocolysis with betamimetics.
- Palpitations (heart palpitations), incl.: Palpitations under tocolysis with beta-mimetics or calcium antagonists.
- Restlessness and agitation under tocolysis with betamimetics.
- Tachycardia (heartbeat too fast; > 100 beats per minute), unspecified during tocolysis with betamimetics
- Nausea and vomiting during tocolysis with betamimetics, oxytocin antagonists (atosiban), prostaglandin antagonists, magnesium sulfate
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – sex organs) (N00-N99).
- Unspecified renal insufficiency (renal weakness), incl.: Renal failure, not designated as acute or chronic, renal failure o.n.s., uremia (occurrence of urinary substances in the blood above normal levels) o.n.s. (decreased excretion under beta-mimetics and prostaglandin antagonists)
Further
- Premature occlusion of the ductus arteriosus botalli under tocolysis with prostaglandin antagonists.
