How does potassium deficiency occur? Potassium is an important mineral that plays an important role in the body for fluid balance and the transmission of electrical impulses to nerve and muscle cells. In this process, the potassium level is precisely regulated by the body. The required amount of potassium is drawn from food and what is too much is simply excreted. For various reasons, a potassium deficiency can nevertheless develop in the blood, which can sometimes even become life-threatening.
Causes of potassium deficiency
Does potassium deficiency have definite causes? As a rule, a normal diet ensures an adequate supply of potassium in the body, since potassium is found in very many foods. However, gastrointestinal complaints with severe vomiting or diarrhea, fistulas in the intestines, and the use of laxatives or diuretics (water tablets) over a long period of time can cause a potassium deficiency in the blood.
Excessive salt consumption as well as alcohol abuse, heavy sweating and insufficient fluid intake can also cause the potassium level in the body to drop. Therefore, athletes, elderly people and patients with bulimia are particularly often affected by potassium deficiency (potassium deficit, hypokalemia).
Potassium deficiency: symptoms and signs
A deficiency of potassium in the body is manifested by fairly common symptoms such as:
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea
More noticeable symptoms are:
- Constipation
- Muscle cramps
- Paralysis symptoms
- Circulatory problems
The main functions of potassium in the body are the regulation of fluid balance and gastrointestinal tract, as well as participation in muscle and nerve function. So if there is discomfort in these areas, it may indicate a potassium deficiency. It becomes dangerous when the potassium deficiency has consequences for the function of the heart muscle, leading to cardiac arrhythmias.
Compensating for potassium deficiency
To compensate for potassium deficiency, it usually does not require much effort. Affected individuals should prefer to eat foods that are high in potassium, such as whole grains, dried fruit, avocados, bananas, potatoes and nuts, to raise potassium levels in the body. Potassium supplements should only be taken when directed by a doctor.
An easier way to get a greater amount of potassium is to boil potatoes or legumes for a long time. This is because potassium is water-soluble and therefore remains in the cooking water. This can be saved after cooking, used as a base for a soup or sauce, and at the same time correct the potassium deficiency.
